Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted Essay

Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted on canvas, compare that to the teachings of confucianism. write down a few aspects where legalism would not agree with confucianism - Essay Example Domestic violence refers to physical or emotional abuse directed to one whom you are in a relationship or married. Domestic violence usually occurs to any person irrespective of gender, age, race, religion or location. In any form of domestic violence, there is often the abuser and the one who is abused. Recognizing domestic violence at an early stage is critical at ending it in any form of relationship (Davis, 2008). Therefore, understanding it in depth is what most articles would talk about. Based on the publishers, the issue of domestic violence is a reality in the society and should be addressed as soon as possible. Moreover, the writer has maintained a neutral ground while talking about the issue without pointing any fingers towards any person that exist in an abusive relationship. Based on the authors writing, writer’s association with special interest to domestic violence victims can view her point of view as unbiased (Smith, 2014). All in all, it is clear that the auth or related to the problems faced by people in domestic violence scenarios, addressed them in relation to his thesis. Davis, R. L. (2008). Domestic violence: intervention, prevention, policies, and solutions. N.p.: Boca Raton: CRC Press, c2008. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from

How can perceptions shape imaginative thought Essay

How can perceptions shape imaginative thought - Essay Example t is people’s sensory experience of the world around them involving both the behavior in response to stimuli and the recognition of environmental stimuli. Perception is known to incorporate the five senses of smell, touch, sight, taste and hearing (Heuer 1999). In this day and age concepts and thoughts are urged onward by an increasing amount of information and data made accessible to every person. This in turn makes one to respond to and anticipate transformations within their environment. Mental models are thus important in allowing individuals to process what would otherwise be considered incomprehensible volume of information (Heuer 1999). It is rather unfortunate that people tend to perceive what they expect to perceive and not what is actually there in reality. Perceptions shape imaginative thoughts. Creativity and imaginative thoughts can be said to be similar in a number of ways where majority of researchers have discovered that imaginative individuals tend to be more depressed as compared to the general population due to their perception of different situation they may be experiencing (Heuer 1999). Individuals considered to be highly creative or imaginative tend to explore unusual possibilities. Those who perceive the world around them in a limited perception tend not to be as imaginative or creative as those who are open minded and liberal. The left and right hemispheres of the human brain usually communicate with each other via a network of nerves joining these two parts of the brain. These also tend to possess different modes of thinking that may lead to conflicting interpretations with regards to awareness and perception. Imaginative thoughts are usually associated with the right brain hemisphere and for an individual to have clear perception of a given situation, the two hemispheres need to be in communication at the time of the experience in order for the person to better judge and act as per the

Food in the United Kingdom

Food in the United Kingdom Food of United Kingdom (UK) Introduction United Kingdom is a composition of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Each part of UK has different culture, symbolism and the popular food items. they have some different categories of food (Scottish, Welsh and English cuisine, Northern Ireland cuisine, Anglo Indian cuisine ). This country is influenced by British culture and representive democracy comes from western culture. People of United Kingdom usually use English language. Some of natural resources is produced by this country e.g. coal, chalk, silica, rock salt, silver, gold, and iron ore. UK use 70% of countrys land area and less than 60percent of food eats by the people of this country which they have produce. mostly UK produce some of hybrid dishes like Anglo Indian Chicken Tikka Massala. Mostly people like to eat garlic in their food. Flag of UK The flag has three colour white, red and blue. See blue in sign. A symmetric red cross and the field with the union flag in he canton. The current design of the union jack dates from the union of ireland and great britain 1801. Environment The government of UK try to reduce the waste sent to landfill, wildlife reserves and marine biodiversity and reducing pollution and keep water and air clean. International agreement United Kingdom is indulge in many international agreements air pollution volatile organic compounds. Environment impact on food production Environment put 30 to 40percent effect on drinks, food and tobacco without 59percent of the eutrophication. Dairy products like milk, cheese are the most affected products and some of the less numbers of products which are effected by environment alcoholic drinkd, sweets and some of soft drinks. It also put impact on meats which is almost contributes 4 to 15percent Environment impact on breads and potatoes Mostly breads and the product which are related to this are affected by environment changes which they contribute 3.3percent of the total impact. For this they need wheat, which is an organic production and it is eutrophication more than conventional production. The some of differene between organic and conventional ways of making breads is a use of wheat production Potatoes are the most important part of food. Almost 2 million tones of potatoes used by UK throughout the year and it put less affect on potato, on potato an potato products like chips and snacks are consider significant contribute in it. At last but not least environment put range of effect on food and product types include fresh and processing products. Environment put impact on current trends and in future as well. Furthermore, it put effects on agriculture and water resources. Climate changes Climate of this country has been very controversies and with different polices to make mitigate effects. Climate changes and impact on food choices Changes in climate direct put effect on food choices but they have only limited option for food and drinks which are affected by temperature and weather. Commonly People like to have food in summer is salads and in drinks they love to drink some soft drinks and some time alcohol. climate changes also lead to chemical. Storage and food transport also effect on food safety. Greenhouse Gas (GHS) IS also effect on food production in UK. Impacts of climate on food supply and agriculture Climate data for England Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high  °C ( °F) 6.6(43.9) 6.9(44.4) 9.3(48.7) 11.7(53.1) 15.4(59.7) 18.1(64.6) 20.6(69.1) 20.5(68.9) 17.5(63.5) 13.6(56.5) 9.5(49.1) 7.4(45.3) 13.1(55.6) Average low  °C ( °F) 1.1(34) 1.0(33.8) 2.4(36.3) 3.6(38.5) 6.3(43.3) 9.1(48.4) 11.4(52.5) 11.2(52.2) 9.3(48.7) 6.6(43.9) 3.5(38.3) 2.0(35.6) 5.6(42.1) Average rainfall mm (inches) 84.2(3.315) 60.1(2.366) 66.5(2.618) 56.8(2.236) 55.9(2.201) 62.9(2.476) 54.1(2.13) 66.7(2.626) 73.3(2.886) 83.6(3.291) 83.5(3.287) 90.4(3.559) 838.0(32.992) Average rainy days 13.4 10.4 12.1 10.1 9.8 9.8 8.5 9.4 10.2 11.8 12.5 13.1 131.2 Mean monthly sunshine hours 50.5 67.7 102.5 145.2 189.9 179.4 192.8 184.1 135.0 101.3 65.2 43.9 1, 457.4 Source: Met Office (1971-2000 averages) Agriculture and fisheries are much depend on climate changes. When carbon dioxide and temperature can increase crops in some places. Frequently changes in climate and severity of droughts and floods are make challenges for farmers and also affrct the food safety. Affects of weather on food Weather conditions Impacts Rain fall It affects on pollination, increases the disease risk, lodging of crops It also delayed farming like reducing the cost and quality. Increase food wastage because of custmers choice. High wind Loss of fruits and leaves. closure of UK ports, impacts on farm buildings and it interrupts on UK supply chain and increase the repair bills Snow /hail / hail It leads to livestock causing condition loss, abortion death, crop damage, frost damage. yield loss and lost yield. Heat / drought Increase stress, heat stress, reduction in forage requiring supplymentry feeding Weather impacts on food production Increasing the number of imports and exports in food and agriculture raw material. Price is the most considerable feature affected by weather conditions. Food consumer in UK nad EU are most experience food shortage. However, they are likely experience short to medium term increase food price. Agriculture As I earlier mention that 70 percent of land in UK used for agriculture. This country produse a reduced amount of food it eats. Apart from this, recently they moves towards organic farming to get much profit. there is hiking awareness that farmers have most important role for the British countryside and wildlife. Religion The great number of people in UK belongs to Christianity followed by Muslim religion. There is different types of dietary habits are derived from religious laws. Dietary difference links to different religion is considering when planning a balance diet. Christianity In earlier Christian people used to avoid meats and dietary in during the small period of the year but today its often they eats fish on Friday, they also like to have bread and wine or Holly communion regularly celebration. the meaning of this is related to the body and blood of Jesus Christ depends on the denomination. Islam Muslim fasters in month of Ramadan, they causly avoid pork and alcoholic. In muslim food is catagries as a halal and haram but mostly they prefer to have halal whereas, the list of haram they include pork alcohol and any product that may contains clearify animals fats such as gelatines. Geographical influence Most if the area of England is covered by hills and plains. in a north side there is a chain of mountains. The pennines diving east and west. The biggest natural harbour is in UK called Poole in a south centeral of UK. Agriculture in UK Mostly crops grown in rural side of UK. They grows crops and livestock. They take help from experience farmers, subsides, fertile soil and new technology. Less income and high land prices put bad impact on food production and import and export of the country. Flood Flood risk is becoming major threat in UK, alongside stresses on water UK also Faced problems related water supply. And less river flows in summer. flood reduce the food availability and agriculture income from crop sale. In floods they have emergency food aid at a distance from saving lives in urgent situation. The food while in natural disaster they have prepared canned food. Economic influence Food import by UK from a large number of food groups with the greatest number of share are the fish and shellfish, fruits and nuts, sweeteners, and wine. they import some of the stifling products are bananas, mangoes, coffee, cocoa, olive oil, tropical oil, tea, and spices are the hundered percent marital productions. Regions of UK and their famous dishes Regions Dishes the east midland Faggots the east of England Saffron cake Greater London Jellied eels North east England Panackelty North west England Lanconlinshire sausage South east England Bedfordshire clanger South west England Cornish havva cake west midlands Parmo Yorkshire and the humber Yorkshire pudding Simplistic approach It takes the food supply to the forward by the hiking numbers of population that can be fed. In this matter, they include calorific values, product yields and generate the population size they England can support. On the other hand, they support 1.2billion people through the mono production of tomatoes. In previous time people of United Kingdom used to depend on beef an poultry. On the face of it a lot of people prefer to have crops, and the amount of land is increase because of vegetarian people. Realistic approach Average of per person in UK consume four time food during the day. England farm land requirements are more than the total forest biocapacity but thisis some how lower than the cropland. UK could not achieve self sufficiency by putting more land on food production. They used to focusing on three main components food supply are fishing grounds, cropland and pasture land. Domestic food supply and International food trade Food manufacturing and conjugal food supply trends fails to depicts vulnerabilities having strong financial positions. In past UK is a chief food importer. The most important countries which exports to the UK are also potentially problem to the UK. this country receive food supplies from all over the world. The future of the UKs largest food supplier is further major population growth, resourse pressure countries for suppliers food. Population A country is rely on three factors availability of arable property, population pressure and within reach water. consumption of food making underminded by increasing population growth. While maintaining the intigrety of our ecosystem by ad equate food supply It is considering that foodstuff supply turn back at least two and half millennia. Connection between population and carrying capacity firstly considering by Plato. In every country food is make to feed everybody however this food and the way to produce it, it do not reach to those whoever need this. In recent decades there has been I mpressive growth in food manufacturing. Ethnic methods of cooking British food is considering as unfussy dishes made with the quality of local ingredients which is matched with simple sauces like ketchup and common flavour. They used to producing hybrid dishes. Breeding of animals provide a large variety of food stuff for ingredients. The meat and savoury herb stewing method become common in all over the country. English cuisine traditionally consider as a international full breakfast, fish and chips and Christmas dinner. British food have many regional food like as Scottish, Wales and some others and they have some regional dishes for example Yorkshire pudding, Cumberland sausage and Welsh cake. Concern about the quality and nutritional value of food production lead to create a soil association in 1946. But the development of breedin in plants create a different types of fruits and vegetables. But with the disease of rootstocks still used all over the world for the fruits like as Apples. Since 16th century Christmas dinner table become more popular in England. turkey become more famous on Christmas dinner table, Christmas pudding served for the dessert. They have a fusion of some other types of food from other countries take an instance Chicken Tikka Massala. England and Scotland are those places which we have find the best kippers arbonath smokies. this country encourages the drinking og wine and they also give the word for common food like mutton (mouton) and beef (boeuf). Social and cultural influence Social influence put great impact on eating -: Eating behaviour is directly influenced by social context. there is many reasons behind this but one of them is confirming the behaviour of others and then try to adopt it and it also shared cultural expections and environmental cues. But this will depend on some of other things like how they pay attention and how we are like to acceptance. Taste -: how it influence the taste, texture, flavour, smell and appearance. For example, sweet food have strong sensory appeal means food may be consumed with full of pleasure rather than the source of energy. There is some other example which UKs people consider such as flavoured can be get from breast milk as a flavours from a maternal diets pass through breast milk. Social class It is also put impact on both under ad over nutrition. take an example the people of any india started livig in England tey use to have hybrid meal in which they use different spices this thing impress the English people and they make their national dish is chicken tikka massala. Cultural influence Cultural influence put affect on diet and also the way of making food. it is showing there tradition, beliefs and other aspects. forexample south asian females visit Scotland and they show increase fat intake and it is related with an increased body mass, index and incident of heart disease and type 2 diabetes. National dish of UK-: UK confirming the number one dish of the country which has been listed like roast beef and Yorkshire pudding followed by fish and chips. after a long term argue it become possible that chicken tikka massala included the Englands national dish. Where does the chicken tikka massala come from ? Mostly people say it come from India, other say Birmingham and strongly some people claim that it comes from Glasgow. Recpie of chicken tikka sause Ingredient ginger, garlic, chilli, tomato paste, garam massala, chile de arbol, honey to taste, cayenne, paprika  ½ cup of water, tomato. Method of cooking Stir the ginger, chile, and garlic and cook it for one minute. Add tomato paste, paprika, and garam massala and then cook for one minute. Add tomato and honey according to your taste, chile de arbol or cayenne and half cup of water then cook it. occasionally, until slightly thick. seasoned it with salt and pepper according to your taste. Apart from this Sunday roast which include vegetables, potato, roast beef and mini Yorkshire pudding. Dessert of UK Bread and butter pudding Firstly It comes in England in13th century it is also known as por mans pudding as it is very famous in low class people. for this a lady she put the bread in baking tray and poured the sultanas on it then she combine some eggs, sugar, butter and warm milk which she put on it. Recipe of Bread and butter pudding Ingredients 150g (4 oz) butter 5 slices of white bread 20g (1 1/2 oz) sultanas or currants According to taste caster sugar 1 eggs, beaten 300ml (1 pint) of milk grated nutmeg method of cooking First of all Preheat oven to 190 C / Gas mark 5. Lightly grease a baking dish. And then Butter one side of every piece of bread, then cut slices into triangles. Place half of the bread buttered side up covering the base of the baking dish. Sprinkle sultanas and sugar onto bread, then place the remaining bread on top buttered side up. In a saucepan over medium heat, warm milk until nearly boiling. Remove from heat and combine with eggs, stirring vigorously. Pour the mixture over the bread and allow to soak for ten minutes. Grate nutmeg over the top. Bake in the middle of the oven for 45 minutes until set and lightly browned. Food wastage From 1915, wastage of food is noticeable crises in the country. for controlling this problem has been discussed in newspaper articles, television programme, and news reporters so that they can create awareness in the public issue. then the government of England create a wastage resources action programme (WRAP ) in 2000. A major portion of food waste is come from domestic household, which is in 2007, mostly large number of wastage from Bread slices, apples, and potatoes are correspondingly. A majority of food is avoidable but the other divided approximately equally by food which are manifest (example. . tea bags )or cooking type (like. . potato skins ). Difference between knives from past and present Previous cooking knives Modern cookery knives Kitchens old kitchen and utensils à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Modern kitchen and utensils à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Difference between british cuisine from past and present British cuisine in past British food is always considered as multicultural, a potpourri of electric style. this is because of in past they prejudiced from Romans and in medieval times in French and then sugar comes in England before that they use only honey and fruit juices for sweets. The Scottish food in middle times they have use the cookery books that leave the record in dishes that use in almost every spice in the larder. British cuisine today Before a few year british cuisine start look forward for a new direction. Nouvelle Cuisine, chefs began to look a little closer to home. Even though some of traditional dishes likewise roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, steak and kidney pie, bread and butter pudding, custard tart, treacle tart, spotted dick or fish and chips. Rice and pasta consider as a less consumed food. Today there is more prominence, fresh ingredients in a famous restaurant and in the market of UK. they offer food item related to all over the world. Varieties of food in UK Anglo Indian cuisine Some of Indian dishes consider as a traditional dishes from british cuisine like as roast beef because the addition of Indian style spices such as clove, chilli red or green. Some of the meats are also cooked in the form of curry take an instance fish and meats with Indian vegetables they also use coconut, cream, milk, and yogurt and almonds. Rice dishes and roasts, or curries, and breads they all have individual flavour. Northern irish cuisine This type of food include similarly to the rest of the island of Ireland. Scottish food, the traditional food of Scotland is haggis, neeps and tatties, this food is commonly shares with English cuisine but recipes of its own. Scotland is known for a large quantity of beef, oats, potatoes, as well as sea food. further more, foodstuffs, and large number of whiskies. Welsh cuisine, welsh cawl is the famous food in welsh. This is impressed by other british cuisine. Nevertheless borh beef and dairy cattle are raised widely. Wales is very popular because of its sheep and, lamb is used for welsh cooking. Methods of cooking They have used various cookery methods from a long time like as ; Deep fry, roasting, slow cooker, BBQ, baking, poaching, Microwave, grilling, braising, stewing, stir fry and so on. Popular combinations of food Roast beed Yorkshire pudding + horse raddish Lamb mint sauce Pork apple sauce Chicken bread sauce Breeds in Englnad Gloucestershire old spots This is an English breed of pig. the Gloucestershire old spot known for its docility, intelligence and prolificity. there maternal skills helps to raise big litters of piglet on pasture. Welsh mountain sheep The male sheep have horns, whereas, females are hornless they do not have wool o their legs or face and they have long tails. these are mostly colour differences, but some of them are different breeds. National drinks Gin It is cultural southern, middle class drink, it approximately consumed gin and tonic. Northern Ireland the popularity of irish whisky is a symbol of uniform of the whole Ireland as in the Republic of the Ireland. Soft drinks of the UK Irn bru It is very famous soft drink in Scotland. it outsells coke, pepsi, or it outsellsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ everything. in taste, it is a type of acidic, metallic and tangy, and bit of unnatural, if this drinks comes in a steel vat. it status as a hangover cure is legendary and entirely acceptable. Vimto This drink is made from fruits so the taste of this is natural. from starting vimto originally health cordial because this is made from the juice of grapes, raspberries and blackcurrunts, it also provide the flavour of some herb. this drink is also available as a fizzy pop. Tizzer Tizzer is made by Barr, who also created Irn bru. its a type cherry- ish but some other extra adding of juices. this drink have a ability of making children belch. Lucozade This is made by glucose, it is comes in glass bottles wrapped in cellophane, as the content was specially for medicinal. this drink was sold in the market because to keep up the sugar level of and energy level up. Ribena This soft sip is comparable of penicillin. it is available as a fizzy now and it place in the nations kitchens. Other drinks in UK Drinks in united kingdom Whisky Whisky is a type of distilled alcoholic drinks. Scotch whisky was hidden altars, in coffins. People of England they use to have whisky at night when they smoke from the stills. Because of this use the drink become moonshine. Scotland s famous for whisky production. they have 83 percent export in 2012 which is make a payment over 4.25 billion to the UKs economy. Whisky is two types -: Grain whisky is made from any type of grain Malted whisky is made from primarily from malted barely Classic drinks -: Britisher like to have tea near about 165 million cups of tea consumed by the people of UKs. they also known as a tea drinkers. Soft drinks Juiced water -: it is hunderad percent pure drink with no sugar there is nothing is artificial in this it is just juice, british spring water and dash of natural drinks. Flavoured water -: it is a sugar free fruits drink. it has different flavour like orange ans mandarin, blackberry, lemon and lime, apple and raspberry. Innovation Science in cooking We considering that the ne of the most pleasure of our life, cooking is include science in these days like chemistry, biology, and physics and how they change the flavour of ingredients. it helps to recreating a new dishes. it helps to understand that the pinch of salt or sugar is included in the recipe or there should be different order of mixing the ingredients for a batter. The scientific study of cooking a lot longer previous time than some would like : food chemistry have a long and rich history of processed food from supermarket. It becomes fashion in some chefs claiming claiming to be partly scicentis and food chemist in their kitchen. Molecular gastronomy Food science use to investigate the physical and chemical transformation of ingredients in cooking. molecular food is consider as a modern way of cooking as well as it gets a number of merits from technical innovation in food industry. with this chefs prefer other different term like as culinary physics, experimental cuisine, multi sensory cooking and modernist cuisine. Different food science branches have done different study on different aspect of food such as, food safety, microbiology and preservation. most of the time they concerned with industrial food production and with the disciplines. The molecular gastronomy, all these based on exploring the food science behind the traditional cooking methods. Food presentation technique Component of food presentstion Colours Flavours Textures Decorations Garnish Focal point The support Colours :- vegetables play a vital role in food presentation like with the help of vegetables to create contrast of shape and colour. Flavours :- it can come together because they are close or they compliment with each other. Textures :- it is a critical component of good food production, just as an pleasure of eating. by contrasting soft and firm, silky and rigid texture adds a visual texture. Decoration :- it is edibl

An Analysis Of heart Of Darkness :: essays research papers

An Analysis of "Heart of Darkness" Joseph Conrad, in his long-short story, "Heart of Darkness," tells the tale of two mens' realization of the hidden, dark, evil side of themselves. Marlow, the "second" narrator of the framed narrative, embarked upon a spiritual adventure on which he witnessed firsthand the wicked potential in everyone. On his journey into the dark, forbidden Congo, the "heart of darkness," so to speak, Marlow encountered Kurtz, a "remarkable man" and "universal genius," who had made himself a god in the eyes of the natives over whom he had an imperceptible power. These two men were, in a sense, images of each other: Marlow was what Kurtz may have been, and Kurtz was what Marlow may have become. Like a jewel, "Heart of Darkness" has many facets. From one view it is an exposure of Belgian methods in the Congo, which at least for a good part of the way sticks closely to Conrad's own experience. Typically, however, the adventure is related to a larger view of human affairs. Marlow told the story one evening on a yacht in the Thames estuary as darkness fell, reminding his audience that exploitation of one group by another was not new in history. They were anchored in the river, where ships went out to darkest Africa. Yet, as lately as Roman times, London's own river led, like the Congo, into a barbarous hinterland where the Romans went to make their profits. Soon darkness fell over London, while the ships that bore "civilization" to remote parts appeared out of the dark, carrying darkness with them, different only in kind to the darkness they encounter. These thoughts and feelings were merely part of the tale, for Conrad had a more personal story to tell, about a single man who went so far from civilization that its restraints no longer mattered to him. Exposed to the unfamiliar emotional and physical demands of the African wilderness, free to do exactly as he chose, Kurtz plunged into horrible orgies of which human sacrifice and cannibalism seemed to have formed a part. These excesses taught him and Marlow what human nature was actually like: "The horror!" Kurtz gasped before he died. Marlow's own journey from Belgium to the Congo and thence up the river then took on the aspect of a man's journey into his own inner depths. Marlow was saved from the other man's fate not by higher principles or a better disposition, but merely because he happened to be very busy, and the demands of work were themselves a discipline. The readers perceive, too, that other white

Academic Excellence Guarantees a Successful Life

Academic excellence guarantees a successful life. Do you agree? This topic also has been discussed with my upper six this year and they have written their version of the article. This sample answer shows beside the appropriate approach and language, how ideas should be generated and developed. The bold phrase at the beginning of each paragraph is the main idea, and after the details it is closed with a summary that relates the argument with the topic. No. I simply do not agree that academic excellence guarantees a successful life. If academic excellence means having a degree from a university, and a successful life is where a person is able to get whatever he desires and be happy with it, than there are other elements in life that helps in making life a success. It is obvious that during the last decade, academic qualification does not guarantee jobs for graduates, much to the frustration of the youngsters, who, throughout their university days were hoping for guaranteed posts in government agencies or steady private firms. Thousands were seen applying for jobs that were unpopular before, taking the teaching profession for example, where only a handful were recruited. Graduates without the extra qualities like the desire to move on, motivation, and communications skills will be left out,proving that academic excellence is not the license for a successful life. The blue-collar sector promises bright future for the non performing school students. The vast and rapid development of the various industries in the country, led by the successful automotive sector, has provided jobs for those with skills rather than academic qualification. School leavers with vocational skills, taking automotive as example, see better future compared to their counterparts on the academic line. Thus, it is a common scene nowadays to see mechanics and technicians in the various fields doing well in life, even without academic excellence. Some people who excel in academics do manage to land in secured jobs in the government and corporate giants, and went on to the highest and powerful position. These are the few lucky ones, as in most cases, there are other factors that help determine their success. It is not a secret that cronyism and nepotism are being practised everywhere, much to the dismay of those who depend only on academic qualification. Unless they really stand out with brilliant and extremely noticeable performance, they should be prepared to be ordinary officers up to the day of retirement. This is evidence that excellence in academic alone does not guarantee success. There are also people without academic excellence doing well in business. Through sheer determination and the urge to succeed, plus a little bit of aid from the bank perhaps, people have proven to be successful, earning way more than the salary of chief executives in the corporate sectors. In fact, with a hand from political influences, some are able to secure projects worth millions of ringgits. Would academic excellence be able provide this? To conclude, academic excellence does help comfort a person’s life, securing him a career to earn a living. Nonetheless, it is simply not enough to guarantee that he will be successful in life, as it takes a lot of other factors to achieve it.

Fish Cheeks by Amy Tan Rhetorical Strategies Essay

Gifted author of Fish Cheeks, Amy Tan, assures young girls that being different is not only acceptable, but also advantageous. Rhetorical strategies-such as imagery, tone, diction, and appeals (logos, ethos, pathos)-were the brushes with which she painted a portrait of self-acceptance for teenage girls everywhere. Tan uses a sympathetic tone to relate to the awkward teenage reader that is experiencing the same thing and the nostalgic adult reader that has experienced. Tan’s word choice [diction] exposes her insecurity in her heritage and desire to be an average American teenager, in her opening. The author described traditional American food in an appealing way, â€Å"†¦roasted turkey and sweet potatoes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  but omitted any detail about â€Å"†¦Chinese food.† She labeled American manners as â€Å"proper†, but dubbed her relatives and their Chinese customs as â€Å"noisy†. The significance of this strategy lies in its ability to make the text relatable. The entire narrative relies on the author’s shared experience with the audience, being ashamed of their incongruity and their pursuit of normality. In the third paragraph, Tan enlists the aid of imagery to provide the reader with a more accurate depiction of the scenery on that night. Vividly detailing the assortment of food; Tan was not describing how she saw the food but how she feared Robert would. As revealed later in the text, Tan is quite fond of her culture’s taboo cuisine. So, the description of the food using negatively connoted words like slimy, bulging, fleshy, rubbery, and fungus were used to transmit her concern about how she and her family would be perceived. This use of imagery and diction exemplifies Tan’s transmission of emotion-first worry and anxiety, then relief and acceptance- to her audience throughout the text. The appeals to ethos and pathos were vital for Tan to be able to relate to the audience. She had to first establish her credibility as someone who had experienced being a part of two different cultures and the desire to fit in. She did this by telling the narrative in first person. Also she showed great contrast between the two cultures she belonged to by illustrating her family’s traditional Chinese Christmas contrary to American traditions. Then, she appealed to pathos by frequently attaching an emotion to every part of the story. For example, in the opening she conveyed a sense of worry with her use of repetitive questions. Likewise, Tan suggested a feeling of relief in the end with her shift in diction, from negative words like â€Å"despair† to more positive words like â€Å"stunned†.

Kanafani, Ghassan. Men in the Sun. essays

Kanafani, Ghassan. Men in the Sun. essays Kanafani, Ghassan. Men in the Sun. Lynne Rienner Publishers; Boulder, CO, 1999. Ghassan Kanafanis 1962 work Men in the Sun features three Palestinian refugees of different generations en route to what they believe will amount to relative freedom and prosperity in Kuwait. Many Palestinians have sought lives beyond the refugee camps, some attaining prominence as advocates in Europe and the Americas, but Kanafanis protagonists lack such lofty ambitions. The aging Abu Qais, frustrated Assad and young Marwan are Everyman characters, seeking only jobs, food and perhaps better lives for their children. A deeply textured, moving literary work emerges as the men smuggle themselves across borders towards a common fate. Though Kanafanis story is one of political disenfranchisement and suffering imposed by political powers, he avoids alienating readers through ideological rhetoric. The context to Men in the Sun is a widely understood (or at least fairly easily referenced) one, and educated readers would likely find any gratuitous background information contained in the story to be redundant. As the issues surrounding the conflict remain contentious and often divisive, the assumption of a didactic tone would turn off readers not already sympathetic to Kanafanis outspoken pan-Arabism and socialist viewpoint. Kanafani realizes that there are many windows into an individuals experience. Through this personal, rather than political, approach, any reader hurt by betrayal, falsehood, loneliness or despair will find themselves identifying with a story created by and about Palestinians. Though no ideology frames the story, there is an unmistakable political undercurrent. In his lifetime, Kanafani, criticized Arab divisions and the petty vices that traditionally precluded an united and effective defense of the Palestinians. Men in the Sun presents the various factors within the Arab world that enable Palesti...

Evaluation of Properties of Foods

Evaluation of Properties of Foods Practical 1: Evaluation of Properties of Foods 1A) pHObjective:To determine the pH value of orange juice.Introduction:pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. pH is an important aspect that is being inspected in food processing and food preservation. pH control method is one of the method used by food manufacturers to prevent growth of microorganisms in food that will eventually cause early food spoilage and food contamination. Most foodborne pathogens cannot grow below pH 4.4 (Montville, Matthews Kneil, 2012). Most microorganisms grow best in the pH range of 6.5 to 7.5 (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs of Ontario 2013). Hence, pH level of food is being monitored during food processing to prevent microbial growth. pH levels also affect the appearance, taste, quality as well as the shelf-life of food products. It is also under the food safety issues.One example of pH control requirements is in the manufacture of fruit jelly. The gel formation brought about by pectin takes place over a narrow pH range, which is further complicated by sugar concentration. High pH value results in an unacceptable liquid. Too low pH causes the mixture to gel prematurely, resulting in an overly hard product. Continuous pH adjustment using acids such as citric acid yields the optimal gel consistency. Another example of pH control would be in the making of cheese. The enzymes used are particularly sensitive to pH. variations of 0.1 pH will affect the enzymatic reaction activity by as much as 50 per cent. However, modern technologies allow cheese ageing process to be accurately monitored by using the puncture probe. pH meter with resolution of 0.1 pH unit is the most common equipment that is used in food industry to measure the pH levels...

Black July and the Fallout Thereafter

Black July and the Fallout Thereafter On July 23, 1983, Tamil separatists, known as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), stepped up militant attacks in northern Sri Lanka and killed 13 Sinhalese soldiers who reported for duty only a day earlier in Thirunelvely, Jaffna. The LTTE was fighting for a separate Tamil state in the northern and eastern parts of the country. This day became known as the beginning of Black July, an organized, ethnically-charged massacre of the Tamil people. After the incident in Jaffna, Sri Lankan soldiers killed 51 civilians in Jaffna. The violence in the country lasted for several days and approximately 3,000 Tamils were killed. The death of the 13 soldiers was propaganda used to justify violence against Tamils. Shops that Tamils owned were looted. People were stripped naked. Women were raped. Tamils were even burnt alive. In Colombo and provincial towns, soldiers stood by and even supplied gasoline to help set the cities ablaze. Thousands of Tamils fled to Jaffna, believing that staying in a Sinhalese area was not safe for them. To root out Tamils in the area, many Sinhalese would show suspected Tamils objects and demand to know the Sinhala word for it. There was government complicity and gangs operated at the behest of hardline ministers. On July 27, 1983, the then President JR Jayewardene made his first speech on the events, offering no sympathy to the minority and instead emphasizing Sinhala grievances. More killings followed. By the time the violence dwindled on July 31, 1983, tens of thousands of Tamils had fled to the northern and eastern provinces or abroad. Black July was a recruiting agent for Tamil militants. The incident started a civil war that lasted 26 years between the Sri Lankan military and the LTTE. The Sri Lankan military forces finally defeated the LTTE in May 2009. Approximately 700,000 Tamils were sent into exile during these 26 years and at least 100,000 people were killed. Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict remains unresolved. Abductions, arbitrary arrests and sexual violence perpetrated by the military have not decreased. Military involvement in the North and East is still strong. Most military camps have become permanent and Sinhala colonization is on the rise. The idea of a separate Tamil homeland—an illegal as a political platform—became more powerful because so many Tamils fled to the areas of the island where they were the majority. Since 1983, many Tamils have not felt comfortable living in southern Sri Lanka, apart from the capital. Four years after the war victory, the government says there are no minorities and everyone is equal, yet Sinhalese nationalist sentiment and speeches are on the upsurge. There remains nervousness, not only among Tamils but also amongst Muslims who have seen their mosques attacked and their lifestyle under sustained assault from Sinhalese Buddhist nationalists, including monks. With the Tigers crushed i n 2009 and unknown numbers of Tamil civilians killed as the war ended, hardline ministers now advocate reducing devolution for the Tamil areas despite a constitutional clause meant to increase it.

The East Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The East Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 - Essay Example There is much to be done on the Asian financial status and more so the financial architecture. It was believed that the crisis would only take few months but it surpassed this ideology and what are observed are cases of unemployment and the deterioration in the Gross National Produt (GNP). The crisis has gone beyond East Asia and other countries like Russia, South America and South Africa are also experiencing it. The development of advanced technology like the use of computers had a significant impact on the financial status of East Asia. However, Asia adopted the use of computers in carrying out its transactions and in which it was at a much higher rate than normal. On the other hand, screening of the repercussions of the global financial systems was zero and it rather encouraged it (Borthwick pp 121). East Asia also accepted the idea of interconnection of markets across the world and development of big institutional financial players. The combination of all this resulted into tremendous shocks and instability. Thailand as an example was struck by the crisis rapidly and within a short time, it crossed all over East Asia. The carrying out of this financial liberalization was done at a wrong time since its institutions did not have an idea or rather it was not prepared for any outcomes or consequences over it. In addition, the transaction that the country was making was at a high speed and in return it affected the short-term capital flowing across the boarders where by there were high and quick returns. "Only one to two percent is accounted for by foreign exchange transactions relating to trade and foreign direct investment. The remainder is for speculation or short-term investments that can move very quickly when the speculators' or investors' perceptions,"(Director Para 6). What took place in East Asia was not unique because even other countries across the world have already experienced the very problem, especially from the Latin America and this is to say, there is need to check on capital inflow so us to avoid the shocks and instability and also discouragement to the large institutional investors and players. Rumor had it that, East Asia currencies were being over valued but observation made stated market over-reaction which consequently led to overshooting of these currencies beyond unjustifiable levels by fundamentals. "A report ... revealed that hedge funds made big profits from speculative attacks on South East Asian currencies in July 1997", (Director para 12). The sudden depreciation of the currency of East Asia, led to short term debts which appeared to pose the threats. The depreciation was caused by the speculators attacks and reduction in their foreign reserves. As a result of these problems, the country's capability to repay the loan was deterred and the debt accumulated correspondingly. The foreign reserves dropped drastically and could not repel off the speculative attempts. The short term foreign funds also begun to fall too destabilizing further the reserves and this consequently affected the country terribly in a way that it could not manage to clear away the debts, oblig ation and the calamity necessitated assistance which finally it obtained from IMF. It is argued that financial crisis in East Asia was as a result of

Any topic for play Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Any topic for play - Movie Review Example It was really done in an excellent and most convincing manner. It was always considered one of the crowds favorites because it was original. The plot of the play was able to illustrate and describe the pain, the longing, the struggle, the love and the loss. Every person who was able to watch the play can certainly attest that it was the most romantic story ever heard. At the end of the play, we are left heavy-hearted. The actors who played were well selected and were able to play their part excellently. The accent and how they delivered their lines were very convincing. Definitely, the play is worth doing. It is one of the best stories and plays ever written and depicted. Romeo and Juliet is our trademark in unconditional love. Before the romantic movies, and love songs that we have right now, there was always the Romeo and Juliet story ever famous to us all. The play was worth doing because not only did it was well executed, it also was well prepared. It is one of best plays I have ever seen, a very unforgettable

Choose an invention.describe and evaluate the effects it has had on a Essay

Choose an invention.describe and evaluate the effects it has had on a particular area of human life - Essay Example Computers have indeed done much to better the way people happen to do things. In that respect, it is really heartening to acknowledge that healthcare is an aspect of human life that has been totally revolutionized by the advent of computers, and computers have actually totally transformed the modern healthcare.1 It is a fact that in the area of healthcare, health records of patients do play a very important role. In that context, computers have totally redefined the record keeping in the field of healthcare.2 Health records of patients are not only vital for management of maladies of individual patients, but they are also important to predict larger societal healthcare trends. Before the invention of computers the record keeping in healthcare happened to be manual. It was not only very tedious to register and maintain the records of thousands of patients, but it was also utterly difficult to retrieve the health records of individual patients when required. However, with the invention of computers, things have totally changed. Computers have digitalized the recording and filing of patient records, thereby making it much more efficient, practical and faster. Computer generated and stored patient records not only happen to be more lasting and reliable, but it is much easier to retrieve the rec ords of specific patients. In fact with the computer assisted record keeping, it takes only a second to retrieve the health records of any patient. The computer assisted record keeping also assures that in the event of any man made or natural calamity, the health records of patients remain safe and secure at the offsite data storage locations. The other way in which the computers have positively influenced healthcare is by empowering the patients and by extending the reach of healthcare. In the earlier times even the most basic healthcare information was not easily available. However, with the advent of computers in the area of healthcare, computers have become a readily

Analysis a play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Analysis a play - Essay Example The provisions of the law may be great and their intentions may be noble. But if those who implement them are not noble, the society will suffer and a law argued, defended and implemented in a worst manner is calamitous for the society. â€Å"No Crime† by Billy Goda is one of those postmodern plays which chuckles the guilty conscious of its readers, and touches their hearts at the profound depth. The author makes it very clear and his objective is evident and he articulates his viewpoint employing his characters and their mutual relationship. The ending of the play is also on the expected lines, though the author introduces a dramatic element of neutrality in the end of the play. The theme of the play is about the role of the law and its relationship with the society. The implicit purpose of law is to keep members of the society safe collectively and individually. It is the frame on which the society builds itself and it is supposed to keep the members of the society behind the lines of law. The law is supposed to be blind and both arms of the scale of law are equally important. Its main responsibility is to prevent the wrong and see that it does not get stronger and for the weak and support-less to provide the support within the provisions of law. The prime responsibility of the law and the judicial process is to identify the guilty from the innocent. This is the ideal position desired by any society. But the ground realties in almost all the countries leave much to be desired. Societies have never been able to give the true and honest benefit of the provisions of law to the people. The not guilty have been punished and the guilty ones have escaped the noose of law. Those who should have been punished have been acquitted. Though the theme of the play does not offer direct comments on the lacunas in the system of implementation of the legal provisions its hidden agenda and the style of presentation deals with those who are the custodians

Leadership power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership power - Essay Example There is a notable correlation between power and leadership. Hersey, Blanchard and Johnson (1996) define power as the ability to control other people or things. In other words, power is the potential to influence. It has been evidenced that leaders have power over people or things that they lead. According to Bass and Bass (2009), leadership is often conceived as an exercise of power. Leadership and power have often been utilized to influence the behavior of people. According to the behavioral theory, a leader is thus analyzed by what one does and how they behave. In the same way, it can be evidenced that power is usually concentrated to a few select persons. Very few organizations take the chance to teach selected few of the manner in which to make effectively use the power that they possess. Leaders have various bases of power unto which they leverage, including the power of position, power of charisma, power of relationships, power of information, power to reward others, and power of expertise, as well as power of punishment. There are five different types of power. First is legitimate power. It is also known as official or position power. This power comes from the rules of the organization. It offers the leaders the power to punish and reward, along with controlling organizational resources. This type of power maintains discipline and order in the society. Second is coercive power, which entails the use of negative influences. The most common coercion tools are threats and punishment. This makes it the least effective form of power since it builds resentment and resistance. The third type of power is referent power. It is the ability to attract others and build loyalty. It is usually based on the interpersonal skills as well as the charisma of the power holder. Fourth is expert power. It is the authority of knowledge that arises from specialized learning. A

Choose an invention.describe and evaluate the effects it has had on a Essay

Choose an invention.describe and evaluate the effects it has had on a particular area of human life - Essay Example Computers have indeed done much to better the way people happen to do things. In that respect, it is really heartening to acknowledge that healthcare is an aspect of human life that has been totally revolutionized by the advent of computers, and computers have actually totally transformed the modern healthcare.1 It is a fact that in the area of healthcare, health records of patients do play a very important role. In that context, computers have totally redefined the record keeping in the field of healthcare.2 Health records of patients are not only vital for management of maladies of individual patients, but they are also important to predict larger societal healthcare trends. Before the invention of computers the record keeping in healthcare happened to be manual. It was not only very tedious to register and maintain the records of thousands of patients, but it was also utterly difficult to retrieve the health records of individual patients when required. However, with the invention of computers, things have totally changed. Computers have digitalized the recording and filing of patient records, thereby making it much more efficient, practical and faster. Computer generated and stored patient records not only happen to be more lasting and reliable, but it is much easier to retrieve the rec ords of specific patients. In fact with the computer assisted record keeping, it takes only a second to retrieve the health records of any patient. The computer assisted record keeping also assures that in the event of any man made or natural calamity, the health records of patients remain safe and secure at the offsite data storage locations. The other way in which the computers have positively influenced healthcare is by empowering the patients and by extending the reach of healthcare. In the earlier times even the most basic healthcare information was not easily available. However, with the advent of computers in the area of healthcare, computers have become a readily

Leadership power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership power - Essay Example There is a notable correlation between power and leadership. Hersey, Blanchard and Johnson (1996) define power as the ability to control other people or things. In other words, power is the potential to influence. It has been evidenced that leaders have power over people or things that they lead. According to Bass and Bass (2009), leadership is often conceived as an exercise of power. Leadership and power have often been utilized to influence the behavior of people. According to the behavioral theory, a leader is thus analyzed by what one does and how they behave. In the same way, it can be evidenced that power is usually concentrated to a few select persons. Very few organizations take the chance to teach selected few of the manner in which to make effectively use the power that they possess. Leaders have various bases of power unto which they leverage, including the power of position, power of charisma, power of relationships, power of information, power to reward others, and power of expertise, as well as power of punishment. There are five different types of power. First is legitimate power. It is also known as official or position power. This power comes from the rules of the organization. It offers the leaders the power to punish and reward, along with controlling organizational resources. This type of power maintains discipline and order in the society. Second is coercive power, which entails the use of negative influences. The most common coercion tools are threats and punishment. This makes it the least effective form of power since it builds resentment and resistance. The third type of power is referent power. It is the ability to attract others and build loyalty. It is usually based on the interpersonal skills as well as the charisma of the power holder. Fourth is expert power. It is the authority of knowledge that arises from specialized learning. A

The effects of video games on children Essay Example for Free

The effects of video games on children Essay Nowadays, game is so popular that everybody can see its appearances everywhere easily. There are a lot of type of game have been invented such as cosule game, Actually, video games have become a part of childrens life for the past few decades, because they are so convenient that children can play them whenever and wherever to spend time. There are a lot of opinions about effects of video game on our future generation. In some study, video games can be considered the second nature of the modern children, and that virtual world partly reflects the real world. Through that, children can come up and learn more knowledge about the real word. However, video games can also cause a lot of negative effects on children if they are addicted to those. Therefore, most people agree that playing too many video games does more harm than good. The bad effect of game Drifting back to the history of video game, it all started when Atari came up with its first gaming console that included a very simple game of tennis. At that time, the controller had just one stick and one button to play with. Now, we are having huge collection of gaming system with many different types of consoles available in the market with very complex games that requires controllers with two or more sticks and a variety of buttons. Every year, all gaming company makes a race for introducing a new edition or updating better quality for their production. Most people suppose that playing video game causes a lot of negative effects. Video games – a cause of violence and aggression are one of those and mainly mentioned. Video games are very variety of kinds, but it seems that the violent games are dominant because they attract more children than others. Furthermore, in some surveys, there are many violent games that allow the children to play arm bearing characters who can kill anyone that they want, steal cars, and commit many different kinds of crime, such as Mortal Combat, Marvel vs. Capcom, and Doom. They all are very interactive in the violence of slaughtering the opponent (1). In reality, although the video game producers put signs like Real-life violence and Violence level not recommended for children under age of 12 on their box covers, sometimes parents seem to ignore those warnings and let their children play the games that they like (2). Moreover, in some modern violent games, the producers want to attract more children by performing the actions of characters as elaborate maneuver when they get killed. For example, in Half-Life, when a character is killed by others, a bloody and gory scene displays in detail on the screen. What will happen if children play those day by day? How will those affect the naive minds of children? As everyone knows, the answer is that children will become violent and aggressive. Indeed, many studies seem to indicate that violent video games may be related to aggressive behavior. The children who often play more violent games will tend to be at odds with somebody and like fighting and killing. They tend to act in their real life as if they saw and experienced in games. In another aspect, playing too many video games is also the cause which makes children addicted. In a recent study of children in their early teens, the researchers found that almost a third played video games daily, and that 7% played for at least 30 hours a week (3). According to these statistical figures, it is really reasonable to conclude that children today are addicted to video games, and the number of those will increase more in the future. Addicting to video games can make children socially isolated. With the development of science and technology at present, it is so convenient that children can play video games everywhere from large devices, such as computers, laptops, and play stations, to small portable devices, such as DS, and Xbox†¦ With those, children can spend hours in playing without resting. Meanwhile, they may spend less time or even ignore in other activities such as doing homework, reading books, sports, and interacting with the family and friends. As a result, children will become lazy and passive, and they find it hard to integrate into the real life. Finally, video games may also have bad effects on children’s health, especially obesity and eyesight problems. When children are addicted to video games, they tend give them foremost priority. This takes the children away from their other physical activities and can have many health-related problems for the children, as they can get obese if they dont exercise and stay home playing video games. Many studies have also showed that spending hours more time playing videogames in front of television screens than playing real and actual sports that involve physical exercise can cause children to experience many of the same symptoms seen in computer vision syndrome in adults. Moreover, extensive viewing of the game screen can lead to eye discomfort, fatigue, blurry vision and headaches (4). As a result, the number of children who have eyesight problems, such as near-sighted, far-sighted, and astigmatism†¦ is increasing. This is perhaps the worst negative effect that videogames can have on children. On the contrary, as many people confirm, one of the most positive effects of video games is increasing the dexterity and agility of a child and improving their hand-eye coordination (5). The new modern video games that are coming out are extremely complex, and they involve the movement of many different kinds of sticks and buttons on the controllers. These can be very good for children as they learn to make fast connections between what they see and what their hands and fingers are doing. These also allow them to think quickly and improve their reflexes. For example, in shooting games, in some cases, the character may be running and shooting at the same time. This requires the children to keep track of the position of the character, where he or she is heading, the speed, where the gun is aiming, and so on. This process requires a great deal of hand-eye coordination and visual-spatial ability to be successful. Therefore, we find that playing video games can have many different effects, both positive as well as negative on children. Even though the children can have benefits by increasing their dexterity and improving their reflexes, the costs of them, like losing their physical exercise, social activities, and homework, declining health, as well as becoming violent, are too much. Overall, it is important that the parents consider this problem seriously and enforce certain rules and regulations that can limit and control the time of playing video games for their children. Parents also should encourage their children to take part in other physical exercise, sports, as well as social activities that can take children away from video games. References: (1), (2), and (3) according to Video Games: A Cause of Violence and Aggression Grace Shin Submitted by Serendip Update on Fri, 01/04/2008 http://serendip. brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1723 (4) according to Playing Video Games May Cause Eyestrain. Encourage Safe Game Play Guidelines for Your Child By Troy Bedinghaus, O. D. , About. com Guide Updated February 19, 2008 http://webcache. googleusercontent. com/search? q=cache:INT8Liv76l4J:vision. about. com/od/childrensvision/qt/Video_Games. htm+video+games+affect+eyesightcd=1hl=enct=clnkgl=ussource=www. google. com (5) according to Positive Effects of Video Gaming By R. L. Cultrona, eHow Contributor http://www. ehow. com/about_5370127_positive-effects-video-gaming. html.

Arguments For and Against Online Music Sharing

Arguments For and Against Online Music Sharing In this report, I am going to outline the arguments for and against the unauthorized sharing of music on the internet. I will outline the strengths and weaknesses of unauthorised sharing of music on the internet, using evidence which I will discuss and summarise.As music has begun to circulate in various material forms, it has become more of a commodity, as it has become more transportable. A large part of this is the use of the internet to share and download music in the form of files. The information market regime, a theory evolved by Weick (1995), suggests that a market information regime conveys the impression that the information gathered by the music industry is valid and very important, and that its availability creates demand for its use in interpreting the market. I will touch on this point further in this report.I will also touch on several resources, both textbook and internet based, which outline theories, practices and articles in relation to the evolution, distribution and contestation of sharing music online. Â  Advantages of Sharing Music Although there are few advantages of sharing music online, Caves (2001, p.6) suggests that due to the infinite variety of the nature of the creative industries, the multidimensional quality of cultural products makes it hard to predict what audiences will like. Its multidimensional nature means that it is valued in a variety of ways by listeners across different places and is modified by musicians in new ways. This means that although unauthorised music sharing can make it difficult to log and track patterns in the market and predict what audiences will like, it does not hinder this process as it is already difficult to measure the market and its demands. Although there are difficulties in predicting cultural taste, pre-testing may be used. In terms of the music market, pre-testing is a form of research carried out before production is complete and major resources have been committed (Banks, Barnett and Mahendran, 2012). With music pre-testing, a single song from an album may be shared with a select audience to review and give feedback. This means that the song may be shared across a wider audience by unauthorised means, however, as no major resources have been committed, the musicians do not lose profit and their reputation may grow because of the song being shared. By having a wide range, the chances are that the albums produced will become hits, meaning that these will more than cover the costs lost by unauthorised music sharing. Despite internet based forms of distribution meaning that music becomes shared illegally, it also means that the information regime is transformed as music companies can gain more direct knowledge of the market through their own download websites and websites that allow music audiences to post information about music tastes, such as what they like and dislike (Walsh and Mitchell, 2010). The article written by Miller (2012) says that lots of people seemingly dont have any problem with downloading pirated music. In fact, 70% of online users say they find nothing wrong with online piracy, and 63% of users admit to doing some illegal downloading. So, while music piracy may be illegal, its socially accepted. This suggests that although piracy is illegal, it has become more socially acceptable, despite the risks of websites being closed and frequent users facing bans. Â  Disadvantages of Sharing Music There are many disadvantages of the unauthorised sharing of music on the internet. As music has begun to circulate in various material forms, it has become more of a commodity, thus has become more portable. A large part of this is the use of the internet to share and download music in the form of files. However, music is being shared by unauthorised internet users and websites which can have detrimental consequences. For example, it is difficult to measure market trends in the creative industry, which means that recorded music turns over quickly and must be measured by trends in existing sales by logging both physical and virtual sales. These markets are characterised by uncertainty, meaning that commercial activity is shaped by the need to predict and manage this uncertain demand. This can be tricky if music is being shared in an unauthorised way as it means that the music trends recorded will not be accurate so may hinder actual music sales. Baharat and Peterson (2000) suggest that the information generated by this market research reflects existing tastes and helps to construct the market. The information market regime, a theory evolved by Weick (1995), suggests that a market information regime conveys the impression that the information is valid and very important, and that its accessibility creates demand for its use in understanding the market. However, this suggests that information regimes typically take the form of sales reports, and hot selling items, which makes this predict and provide method invalid due to music being shared in an unauthorised way online, as it means all sales are not recorded, thus meaning the figures are inaccurate. As we can see in the article written by BBC Blogs, Waters (2009) suggests that sharing music illegally online causes significant damage and means that artists from different backgrounds are not being paid for their professional work, saying that up to 800,000 jobs in the creative industry may be threatened almost half of the entire industry. However, the government is being advised to force internet providers to place a ban on frequent file sharers, meaning more of a consequence may be put in place. The article written by Ernestro (2015) agrees with Waters (2009) as it suggests that a strategy has been put in place to curb online piracy by sending warnings to frequent file sharers and alleged pirates. This warning programme is part of the Creative Content UK (CCUK) initiative which is hosting a series of educational campaigns, called Get it right from a Genuine Site, encouraging people, especially young people and students, to steer clear of pirate sites and to use authorised, approved services instead, thus meaning that copyright holders and industry employees are not facing the detrimental effects that illegal file sharing causes. The initiative intends to measure the consumption of legal and illegal consumption of content in order to create and use statistics as a way of deterring piracy.The article written by PRS for music (2015) provides more depth into the aims and views of the Get it Right from a Genuine Site campaign, especially as it suggests that the 1.7 million employ ees of the creative industries may be at risk of job loss due to unauthorised file sharing. It is vital that they are protected from both transgression and copyright so that more can be invested into creating new content for fans to appreciate. Whilst the article largely outlines the disadvantages of piracy, it could be advantageous as its encouraging people to make the right choice rather than issuing sanctions. Conclusion To conclude, the disadvantages of unauthorised file sharing massively outweigh the advantages. Whilst it is advantageous in terms of testing the market for trends and demand, unauthorised file sharing can have some detrimental effects on the creative industries. The educational campaign, Get it right from a Genuine Site, is clearly seeking to reduce piracy and creative industry employees losing both money and their jobs, by aiming to educate the public about unauthorised file sharing to encourage them to use licensed services to share and download music. The campaign has been using a promotional hashtag on social media sites to attempt to spread their message. It may be worth further considering the CCUK campaign and their resources when organising your week of debate and raising awareness around internet use. The article written by PRS for music (2015) mostly outlines the disadvantages of unauthorised sharing of music on the internet. Neville-Rolfe, the Minister for Intellectual Property, suggests that the campaign is helping to improve the UKs economy and culture, simply by encouraging people to download from genuine sites. This can then help to ensure that by protecting and promoting the future of entertainment that it can help the industry to grow and expand as opposed to shrinking and losing money because of job losses and infringement. Overall, it is clear to see that there are many disadvantages of unauthorised music sharing, which heavily outweigh any positives there may be. I hope you have found this report useful in outlining the advantages and disadvantages of sharing music online, and that it will be beneficial in creating a week of debate on this topic around good practice and safe internet use. References Adorno, T. (1945) A social critique of radio music, Kenyon Review, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 208-17. Anand, B.N. and Peterson, R. (2000) When market information constitutes fields: sensemaking of markets in the commercial music industry, Organization Science, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 270-84. Banks, M., Barnett, C. and Mahendran, K. (2012). The Uses of Social Science. Milton Keynes: The Open University, p.19. Baulch, E. (2003) Gesturing elsewhere: the identity politics of the Balinese death/thrash metal scene, Popular Music, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 195-215. Baulch, E. (2008) Making Scenes: Reggae, Punk, and Death Metal in 1990s Bali, Durham, NC, Duke University Press. Caves, R. (2001) Creative Industries: Contracts between Art and Commerce, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press. Clifford, J. (1986) Introduction: partial truths in Clifford, J. and Marcus, G. (eds) Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography, Berkeley, CA, University of California Press. Clifford, J. (1992) Travelling cultures in Grossberg, L., Nelson, C. and Treichler, P. (eds) Cultural Studies, New York/London, Routledge. Douk Saga Sagacite (16 May 2007) YouTube video, added by missyolga [online], www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGQlXbe2pq4 (Accessed 23 November 2012) Ernesto (2015) UK anti-piracy education campaign launched, quietly, TorrentFreak, 1 December Eternal Madness -Gila Sepanjang Masa (11 February 2011) YouTube video, added by PRASASTY666 [online], www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxOH3DXRHas (Accessed 15 August 2012). Geertz, C. (1973) The Interpretation of Cultures, New York, Basic Books. Gronow, P. and Saunio, I. (1998) An International History of the Recording Industry, London, Cassell. Gupta, A. and Ferguson, J. (eds) (1997) Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology, Durham, NC, Duke University Press. Informa Telecoms Media (2010) Pop is still king of the worlds music genres, Music Copyrights Blog, 11 August [online], http://musicandcopyright.wordpress.com/2010/08/11/pop-is-still-king-of-the-world%E2%80%99s-music-genres/ (Accessed 15 August 2012). Katz, E. and Lazarsfeld, P. (1955) Personal Influence: The Part Played by People in the Flow of Mass Communication, Glencoe, IL, Free Press. Miller, M. (2012). Downloading Pirated Music: Pros and Cons | | Que. [online] Quepublishing.com. Available at: http://www.quepublishing.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1946755 [Accessed 7 Feb. 2017]. Ortner, S. (1995) Resistance and the problem of ethnographic refusal, Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 173-93. PRS for Music (2015) Get it right safeguarding the UKs creative industries, PRS for Music, 23 October Scannell, P. (2007) Media and Communication, London, Sage. Steil, L. (2011) Realness: authenticity, innovation and prestige among young danseurs afros in Paris, in Toynbee, J. and Dueck, B. (eds) Migrating Music, London, Routledge. Walsh, G. and Mitchell, V-W. (2010) The effect of consumer confusion proneness on word of mouth, trust, and customer satisfaction, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 838-59. Waters, Darren. How Damaging Is Illegal File Sharing?. BBC. N.p., 2009. Web. 28 Jan. 2017.

Dealing with Transformation in The Metamorphosis Essay -- Papers

Dealing with Transformation in The Metamorphosis In The Metamorphosis Gregor Samsa is forced to deal with his transformation from a human being into an insect. After his transformation Gregor is no longer able to do everyday ordinary things. He now has to depend on someone to do these things for him. His younger sister, Grete, makes herself responsible for Gregor. She takes it upon herself to make sure that Gregor is fed and his room is cleaned. This leads to the question; why does she place such a huge responsibility on herself? An optimist like Gregor who only sees the good side of people would say it is because she is a loving and caring person. That her brother’s current condition makes her feel sorry for him and she wants to help him in any way possible. However a pessimist would see an ulterior motive to his sisters’ actions. Since the narrator of the story is Gregor the reader is introduced to Grete through the optimist’s point of view. Gregor portrays Grete as a nurturing and caring person who se actions are solely based on what is best for Gregor. However, what if the narrator was not Gregor but a neutral person who had no prior relationship to Grete? Would Grete’s motives for helping Gregor appear to be purely unselfish? There are many points in the story that the reader is left with the feeling that Grete might have ulterior motives. If the narrator were an impartial character Grete’s intentions would not appear to be so pure. Grete’s motives from the beginning of the story are questionable. Why does she make herself responsible for Gregor? Gregor believes that she â€Å"had perhaps taken on so difficult a task merely out of childish thoughtlessness† (100). However there is another .. ...ghout the novel. Gregor throughout the book constantly misreads his sister’s actions and misinterprets her motives. Since the story is told through Gregor’s point of view we perceive Grete through most of the novel as someone who is unselfish and helpful. However at the end we find ourselves wondering if Grete’s intentions are really as pure as Gregor thinks. Did Grete plan from the beginning to get rid of Gregor? The truth is once Gregor was out of the picture Grete became the needed and helpful child. Grete had a lot to gain and nothing to lose by getting rid of Gregor. Gregor is not impartial when it comes to his sister and he is unable to perceive her bad intentions because he thinks so highly of her. Therefore it can be said that if the narrator of the story was a detached character Grete would not appear to be so harmless and innocent.

Cloning Technology: With Respect to Faith and Reason Essay example --

Cloning Technology: With Respect to Faith and Reason Church VS Science The idea of sitting in an airport and seeing someone walk past that looks identical to you may seem absurd, but due to new scientific development it may not stay that way for long. In 1953 two scientists by the names of James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.1 DNA can be defined as the makeup of chromosomes, which carry genetic information. DNA is present in nearly every living organism and can be found in a living organisms body tissue, hair, and blood.2 The discovery of DNA has led to amazing advances in the medical field. When the structure was first discovered society did not fully understand some of the possible outcomes of DNA. Since its discovery, scientists have worked very hard at understanding the complexity of DNA. Today it is obvious that if it were legal for scientists to clone a human being they would have both the technology as well as the willingness to do it. Scientists have already successfully cloned a sheep in Scotland. However, there is a part of society that opposes cloning technology because they feel it goes against the ways of nature designed by God. The debate about human cloning as right or wrong strongly deals with the Humanity Based Theme of Faith and Reason. Due to the way cloning technology violates many religious beliefs it must be stopped before corrupting all of human existence. In the past, the majority of society has accepted the concept of Darwinism, which is the idea that humans are created and are able to survive due to natural selection. Creation has generally been viewed as something that God is responsible for. In the eyes of many it is absurd and wrong to tamp... ... Washington D.C.: AEI, 1998. - Watson, James D. "All For The Good." Time, 11 January 1999, 91-92. - Watson, James D. "The Human Genome Project: A Personal View," in Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum, ed. Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen (New york: Longman, 1997), 589-596. Web Sites used <http://heperion.advanced.org/18258/dolly.htm> <http://www.weeare3d.com/Asite/3ddnastranda_l.html> <http://www.humancloning.org/snowylogos.htm> <http://www.free-graphics.com/clip3.htm> <http://members.theglobe.com/timoclipart> <http://www.windows.umich.edu/cgi-bin/redirect.cgi/people/ancient_epoch/socrates.html> <http://www.ornl.gov/hgmis/resource/images.html> <http://www.free-graphics.com/> <http://homepages.udayton.edu/gifs/> <http://www.lihistory.com/specdisc/diswats.htm> Cloning Technology: With Respect to Faith and Reason Essay example -- Cloning Technology: With Respect to Faith and Reason Church VS Science The idea of sitting in an airport and seeing someone walk past that looks identical to you may seem absurd, but due to new scientific development it may not stay that way for long. In 1953 two scientists by the names of James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.1 DNA can be defined as the makeup of chromosomes, which carry genetic information. DNA is present in nearly every living organism and can be found in a living organisms body tissue, hair, and blood.2 The discovery of DNA has led to amazing advances in the medical field. When the structure was first discovered society did not fully understand some of the possible outcomes of DNA. Since its discovery, scientists have worked very hard at understanding the complexity of DNA. Today it is obvious that if it were legal for scientists to clone a human being they would have both the technology as well as the willingness to do it. Scientists have already successfully cloned a sheep in Scotland. However, there is a part of society that opposes cloning technology because they feel it goes against the ways of nature designed by God. The debate about human cloning as right or wrong strongly deals with the Humanity Based Theme of Faith and Reason. Due to the way cloning technology violates many religious beliefs it must be stopped before corrupting all of human existence. In the past, the majority of society has accepted the concept of Darwinism, which is the idea that humans are created and are able to survive due to natural selection. Creation has generally been viewed as something that God is responsible for. In the eyes of many it is absurd and wrong to tamp... ... Washington D.C.: AEI, 1998. - Watson, James D. "All For The Good." Time, 11 January 1999, 91-92. - Watson, James D. "The Human Genome Project: A Personal View," in Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum, ed. Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen (New york: Longman, 1997), 589-596. Web Sites used <http://heperion.advanced.org/18258/dolly.htm> <http://www.weeare3d.com/Asite/3ddnastranda_l.html> <http://www.humancloning.org/snowylogos.htm> <http://www.free-graphics.com/clip3.htm> <http://members.theglobe.com/timoclipart> <http://www.windows.umich.edu/cgi-bin/redirect.cgi/people/ancient_epoch/socrates.html> <http://www.ornl.gov/hgmis/resource/images.html> <http://www.free-graphics.com/> <http://homepages.udayton.edu/gifs/> <http://www.lihistory.com/specdisc/diswats.htm>

Training and Development – Al Ain Distribution Company

BMHR N360 Training and Development Assignment #1 Al Ain Distribution Company Table of Contents Introduction3 Company Profile4 Job Details5 Job Title5 Statement Of Functions5 Job Description and Duties5 Work Performed5 Work Relations & Contacts7 Accountability For Actions & Impacts7 Job specification (qualification)8 Opinion8 How does this job fit with the company? 8 How this job does fits in the UAE needs? 8 Conclusion9 Reference10 Introduction This course is BMHR N360-Training and Development, and our teacher ask us to do an individual assignment that about finding the role of a training and development professional in the UAE. Moreover, I did an interview with Senior Training Officer, Mr. Ahmed Al Dhaheri and we had talking about job details, job title, job description and duties, job qualification and my opinion on how this job fits with the organization and how it fits in the UAE needs. Company Profile Al Ain Distribution Company (AADC) is a public joint stock company registered and incorporated in the United Arab Emirates under Law No 2 of 1998 on 1 January 1999 with Head Office at Al Ain. AADC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority with a fully paid capital of AED Billion 1,530,000,000, linked to http://www. adc. ae/ENGLISH/EN-T1-About. html. Furthermore, they are the only one who is distributing water and electricity for Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (Al Ain city and its nearby areas). Moreover, by the end of year 2008, the number of AADC employees was more than 1900 and they provide services approximately for one half million people and that includes se rvices to provide water and electricity, ownership, meter reading operation and maintenance of the water and electricity distribution network assets. AADC has achieved: ADAEP (Abu Dhabi AWARD for Excellence in Government Performance) for the best Technical Project. *   OHSAS 18001 certification. * HSE ISO 14001. * ISO 9001: 2000 quality certification in 2004 for its operations. * SKEA 9Shaikh Khalifah Excellence AWARD. Job Details Job Title * Job Title: Senior Training Officer * Section: Manpower and Planning Development * ADWEA Group Company: Al Ain Distribution Company * Department: Human Resource Statement of Functions Co-ordinates and organizes AADC’s staff training and development activities to ensure that staff performance is up to AADC’s prospective standards. Job Description and Duties Work Performed * Reviews training programs of ADWEA Academy at the beginning of each year and dispatches emails to concerned departments to ensure their awareness of relevant programs and training policies. * Ensures staff registration for the appropriate programs related to their respective fields and positions and initiates all administrative procedures to complete registrations. * Raises staff training requests to HR Management for approval and forwards requests to ADWEA Academy accordingly. Oversees training fee payments. Attends to managerial requests for external trainings designed to provide specific and on-job training and arranges them if approved by management. * Follows up on the approved training plans as well as reviews the attendance sheet employees and updates the Human Resources Management System (HRMS) accordingly. Investigates staff absence and oversees their participation rate to ensure that all employees have attended enough training pro grams per year as per AADC policies. Oversees the replacement of absent employees if possible. Prepares reports of statistics of attended programs and number of employees that have participated for management’s reference. * Attends to all staff queries regarding training programs and advises them on methods of applying. * Dispatches Evaluation forms to obtain employees’ feedback about training programs attended immediately after completion of programs and dispatches the same to employees’ supervisors after 3 months of completing the programs to assess the importance and impact of different programs. Analyzes feedback and prepares reports and own comments and recommendations for the reference of AADC’s Managing Director, Deputy Managing Director and ADWEA aiming at continuous improvement of training programs. * Discusses and prepares an Annual action plan, related to training and development, with the Head of Manpower and planning development section covering matters such as weaknesses of current system, suggestions and overall training objectives of AADC. Gathers/ prepares data concerning number of employees in AADC, their grades, costs of training programs, number of training days, nationalities of employees and other information to calculate the budget required for the training programs in accordance to ADWEA Academy’s policies. * Oversees applications of Interns and coordinates with their universities to bring them into AADC. Coordinates with line managers to accommodate and evaluate interns as well as issues ‘Training Certificates’ to them. * Super vises the work of Assistant Training Officer. Work Relations & Contacts Regular contact with Assistant Training Officer to give work directions and receive feedback. * Regular contact with the Head of Manpower and Planning section to receive work directions and give feedback and reports. * Coordinates with all AADC departments to inform them of different training programs and oversee their participation. * In contact with ADWEA Academy to receive training program schedules and give feedback and comments on completed programs. * Regular contact with all AADC employees and their supervisors to oversee their attendance in training programs and receive their feedback. Annual contact with Finance department to discuss training budget. * Occasional contact with Universities, colleges and trainees to invite and approve student internships in AADC as well as issue ‘Training Certificates’ for them. Accountability for Actions & Impacts * Improving the training plan and programs o f all AADC employees. * Preparation of AADC’s annual training program and plan. * Proper implementation of training plan. * Reports to: Head of Manpower and Planning Section. * Financial Dimensions: Prepares Training Budget. Job specification (Qualification) * Completed a Bachelor’s Degree in Business and Administration, Human Resources or related field. * 5 years of experience out of which 2 years in training department or relevant role. * Good communication and leadership skills. * PC. Literacy: MS. Office. * Very good spoken & written Arabic and English. Opinion How does this job fit with the company? It dose fit the company by Increased productivity, reduced employee turnover, whenever it low was good for the company. Also, strengthen the company by putting the employees update with the new technologies, building a more effective, efficient and highly motivated team which improves employee morale and enhances the company's competitive position. Moreover, provide adequate replacements for employees who may move up or leave in the organization. How this job does fits in the UAE needs? They are the best water and electricity distribution companies, distribute water and electricity in a secure, reliable, safe, cost-effective manner and environmentally responsible, ensure that they provide a highest levels of quality and excellence. In addition, satisfy UAE customer needs and ensuring that all business actions are driven by their needs. Their Excellence â€Å"Strive to achieve the highest possible standards in day-to-day work and in the quality of the outcomes provided†. Linked to http://www. aadc. ae/ENGLISH/EN-T2-mission. html Conclusion In this assignment I learned that HR-Training and Development major is not easy and it really requires high qualifications. Furthermore, I knew more and more about this job such as nature of the organization, job description and duties and job requirements.

A Comparative Analysis of the Hero’s Quest: Harry Potter Vs King Arthur Essay

ABSTRACT From the pages of literature many ideas are born. Often these ideas are borrowed, passed down and transferred from work to work; author to author. This has led many to conclude that a generic mold has been established for certain ways of telling-or in some cases retelling-a story, and that authors often write to fit this mold, whether purposefully or not. The main mold discussed by celebrated novelists such as Joseph Campbell, and used frequently by renown authors like J.K. Rowling and T.H. White, is that of the classic hero. Rowling has made her young protagonist, Harry Potter, very similar to the King of Camelot, as presented by the many Arthurian authors, including T.H. White and Sir Thomas Mallory. There are a great deal of parallels between Potter and Arthur and I have analyzed the plot and other aspects of both stories-along with the works of critics and researchers like Campbell-to demonstrate the shocking similarities between the two heroes. The amazing similarities from both stories spawn from the constant recycling of the hero and his quest. Harry Potter as a person, is a very dynamic character with complete mood changes and varying personalities, yet when it comes to his adventures he is not at all unique. King Arthur, as a hero, is a very dynamic character but as a person he is flat and boring. To compare both I read the complete Harry Potter Series by J.K. Rowling ( Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.), I’ve read the authoritative Arthurian legends (The Sword in the Stone, by T.H White, and Le Mort d’Arthur by Sir Thomas Mallory.) The author’s own life stories were also analyzed in hopes that I could perhaps come to a conclusion of why their Heroes are so alike. HARRY POTTER VS KING ARTHUR The King Arthur novels have been a part of literature for years, influencing authors, movies and even song writers. This generation’s â€Å"King Arthur† is known by another name. He was conceived on a napkin by a struggling single mom and goes by the name of Harry Potter. Many parts of Rowling’s Harry Potter Series are infused with elements of the Arthurian legend. From reading and researching both stories I have found many parallels between both tales. Arthur and Harry are both the protagonists of their worlds, both were deprived of their parents at an early age, both were on quests to achieve their destiny, both had old wizard mentors, and neither knew of his own importance till a late age. This extended essay explores the themes and characters linking the two tales and also analyzes the author’s life and language and how they affected the story. Joseph Campbell is a world renown author who wrote the book â€Å"The Hero With a Thousand Faces.† Mentally digesting this book has helped me to understand the bonds that tie all heroes together and was what led to the thought that Harry and Arthur are very similar. Both Arthur and Harry fit into the category that Joseph Campbell refers to as the ‘classic hero.’ Both character’s lives follow the pattern of up and downs that rules the life of any literary being. Using excerpts and themes from this and other novels written by Campbell I will bring to light the chilling parallels between both dramas. Both Harry Potter and King Arthur lived lives that were chosen by them. This may seem obvious as their lives were written out by their author’s imagination, but in the novels themselves their fates were pre-destined. Harry Potter was the only person ever to survive Lord Voldemort’s Avada Kedavra curse, also known as the killing curse. Any time that someone does something for the first time–something that was thought impossible–they are immediately raised on a pedestal of awe and leadership. Having survived the curse, Harry thwarted Voldemort’s plan of world domination, therefore saving the wizarding world. Besides being the first to survive the curse, Harry was also the wizarding community’s savior, and he was only one year old. So at a very early age Harry already had a reputation to live up to. What put the final seal on the situation was Sybill Trelawney’s prophecy which stated that â€Å"neither can live while the other survives,† meaning that when Voldemort returned to conquer the world Harry would be the only one capable of saving everyone†¦again. No pressure Harry. His destiny was chosen for him, but then again isn’t every protagonist’s destiny chosen for them in a sense? The magician Merlin, who is living life backwards was already aware of who Arthur was going to be when he urged Uther Pendragon to give him his first born child in exchange for his help to lay with the Duke of Cornwall’s wife, Lady Igraine. Merlin knew Arthur would grow up to be King and save Britain from the Saxons when he saw the Wart stumbling across the forest floor in T.H. White’s â€Å"The Sword in the Stone.† So the fact that he knew Arthur would become King when he asked Uther for his child means that Merlin is the person who chose Arthur’s fate. Had it not been for his request to receive Arthur, Uther would never have given him over and perhaps Arthur would never have become King. Furthermore, Merlin was the one who placed the sword in the stone and prophesied that whoever pulls it out would become King. Merlin already knew that Arthur was of noble blood, but had he not placed the sword in that stone nobody would have known that Arthur was the heir to the throne. So not only did Merlin arrange for King Arthur to actually be born, but he also arranged for the circumstances that made his nobility come to life, therefore Merlin steered Arthur’s destiny. Arthur and Harry were also raised in complete ignorance of their true lineage. Merlin knew that Arthur would not be safe with the Duke of Cornwall on the prowl for Uther’s heir, so he hid him away with a knight named Sir Ector. Knowing that Arthur would be safe Merlin went to live in the woods nearby, and left him alone until his services were needed again. Therefore Arthur grew up thinking he was Sir Ector’s nephew and had no idea of his noble heritage. He lived comfortably enough and managed to gain the proper morals and code of honor that would one day benefit him as King. Harry was not so lucky. From what we surmise from JK’s novels, Harry Potter would have lived quite a comfortable and quiet life had he not been thrown into tragedy when Voldemort attacked. On the night of the attack Harry was barely a year old, and his parents and he were quietly enjoying their evening at Godric’s Hollow. Voldemort burst in and massacred James and Lilly Potter, Harry’s parents, but when he attempted to kill Harry, the love that Harry’s mother had shown in trying to protect her child formed a sort of protective barrier which caused the curse to bounce back and strike Voldemort. Dumbledore hid the orphaned Harry with his Aunt and Uncle Dursley, who wished to have nothing to do with him due to his being of â€Å"that lot,† meaning a wizard. For eleven years Harry grew up hated and ridiculed with his aunt and uncle, not having a clue of his magical world connections. At this point we notice that while Arthur grew up comfortably with his loving foster family, Harry grew up hated and down trod with his unbearable aunt and uncle. Also, while Arthur’s foster brother Kay greatly helped him on quests and adored him as his own brother, Harry was bullied and annoyed by his cousin Dursley. Another striking similarity between Arthur and Harry is that they both exist to protect and save the people they lead. When Harry unwittingly vanquished Lord Voldemort as a young baby he saved the wizarding community from the greatest threat it had ever faced, at least until Voldemort returned in The Goblet of Fire. So from a surprisingly early age Harry was the savior of his people. When he attended Hogwarts and became a prominent figure in the lives of many people he was not only their â€Å"leader,† but their savior. After Lord Voldemort had returned to power Dumbledore started to guess that he and Harry would be pitted against one another until one was vanquished. This was made certain by was Sybill Trelawney’s prophecy: â€Å"‘The one with the power to vanquish the Dark Lord approaches†¦ born to those who have thrice defied him, born as the seventh month dies†¦ and the Dark Lord will mark him as his equal, but he will have power the Dark Lord knows not†¦ and either must die at the hand of the other for neither can live while the other survives†¦ the one with the power to vanquish the Dark Lord will be born as the seventh month dies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  So once again Harry was made the only one capable of saving the world from the evils of Marvolo Riddle, or Lord Voldemort. The power which he had that Voldemort knew nothing about was his deceased mother’s love, which made it possible for baby Harry and teenage Harry to thwart Voldemort on every attempt he made to conquer the wizarding world. In the final part of J.K Rowling’s thrilling series Harry vanquishes Lord Voldemort once and for all, therefore f ulfilling his prophecy and saving â€Å"his people.† Arthur also was presented as a hero and savior for his subjects. According to Geoffrey of Monmouth, historian and author of History of the Kings of Britain, around 1100 Britain was overrun by Saxons, Picts, and Scots. Arthur came about due to the subdued and downtrodden imaginations of the British people. Whenever a people are subject to tyranny they create heroes and saviors. Arthur was the product of poverty, hunger and injustice, so in the Arthurian legends he is the ultimate hero, the total savior and the peace bringer of Camelot. Another similarity between both heroes is that Arthur is helped on his way to victory by the legendary Sword Excalibur, and Harry defeated Lord Voldemort with the aid of The Elder Wand. As both novels developed the presences of many characters guide the protagonists in the right direction, but none more so than their mentor and protector. For Harry it is Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore, and for Arthur it is the enigmatic Merlin. Harry was hidden for his own safety by Dumbledore and throughout the whole series he was nudged in the right direction by him. In the Philosopher’s Stone, Dumbledore tells Harry how the Mirror of Erised works, in the Chamber of Secrets he sends Fawkes to rescue him from Slytherin’s Heir and the basilisk, in The Prisoner of Azkaban he gives Hermione the Time Turner†¦there are a cornucopia of examples on how Dumbledore is always helping Harry along the way. Although J.K. Rowling claims that Dumbledore had flaws and was ‘gay,’ he was still one of my favorite characters due to his complete devotion to the novel’s cause: defeating Lord Voldemort. In this sense Dumbledore is Harry’s main parent al figure, aside from his Godfather, Sirius, and he sees him through all the hard times. Merlin is that reason that Arthur exists. So if anything, you could sort of call Merlin Arthur’s father. Not only did he arrange for the birth of Britain’s greatest king, but he made him king by putting the sword in the stone. He guided Arthur through his quests and adventures and made him Lord of the Knights of the Round Table. Whenever anyone thinks about Arthurian legend they think of Merlin. Merlin, who found Wart wondering in the woods. Merlin, who taught him valuable life lessons by turning him into different animals. Merlin, who gave him the marvelous sword Excalibur. In both books the mentors are described as having long, white, flowing beards, pointed hats with stars and astrological robes of purple, half rimmed spectacles and twinkling blue eyes. Is it coincidence that J.K. had all these parallels between Arthur and Harry AND Dumbledore and Merlin? Both Harry and Arthur lead very distinguished, eventful and public lives. The life of the hero isn’t an easy one, but it is quite rewarding. As Campbell puts it â€Å"A hero is someone who has given his or her life to something bigger than oneself† (Campbell). Both of these heroes have accepted their fate and played the role perfectly. A common thread found in most hero stories is the chance at immortality. Campbell writes in his novel, â€Å"The Hero With A Thousand Faces,† that â€Å"To this very day, the possibility of physical immortality charms the heart of man† (Campbell, 188). All hero figures, from Gilgamesh, to Buddha, to Jesus, even Arthur and Harry are all presented with immortality. This longing for eternal life can be understood when we see what a hero is and how man (and woman in JK’s case), fears death. As we know, a hero is spawned during times of upheaval and social distress. Arthur was thought up during the Saxon’s occupation of England and Harry was born when J.K. needed to be saved from poverty and discontent. Whenever a peoples is oppressed they think of becoming rich, overcoming their difficulties and living forever. In Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, Harry is presented with the opportunity to keep the Sorcerer’s Stone, from which he can create the Elixir of Life, enabling him to live forever. In the Deathly Hallows he was searching for the three Deathly Hallows, one of which was the resurrection stone. The Resurrection Stone made it so that Harry could bring back anyone from the dead. Yet because he didn’t want the Sorcerer’s stone or the Resurrection stone for his own use, he made himself immortal in a different way. He made himself immortal in his follower’s memories and in his many fans’ minds. Arthur, also, had the chance at immortality. On his quest for the Holy Grail he was presented many times with challenges and dilemmas for which the reward was immortality. When Arthur is killed by his son Mordred, he is then taken to the Isle of Avalon to be treated. A popular legend, current among the British people, claimed that King Arthur had never actually died and that he would one day return to his people when their need was great. In this sense King Arthur was thought to be the perfect man, pure of sin. Harry is similarly clean of sin – as Dumbledore tells him in Half-Blood Prince, â€Å"In spite of all the temptation you have endured, all the suffering, you remain pure of heart, just as pure as you were at the age of eleven.† Finally, the greatest parallel between both heroes is the quest. The myths and legends surrounding King Arthur center on the quest for the Holy Grail. According to legend, King Arthur saw the Grail in a vision, and subsequently he and his knights attempted to find the Grail. The Holy Grail and the vessel used by Christ at the Last Supper that was then used by St. Joseph to catch the blood of Christ were then thought to be the same cup. While the location of the Grail was forgotten over time, there was a prophecy at the Court of King Arthur that the Grail would one day be rediscovered by a descendant of St. Joseph. According to the prophecy, the person who would find the Grail would be the person designated to sit in the Siege Perilous, the perfect seat at the round table. This would be Sir Galahad. In comparison Harry Potter is also on a quest. In fact seven quests, one for each book written. Each one of the Harry Potter books written involves quests. In Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, Voldemort is on a quest to find the Philosopher’s Stone to achieve immortality. Voldemort’s quest becomes Harry’s quest, as Harry believes himself to be the only one capable of stopping Voldemort from obtaining the Stone once he learns that Dumbledore has left Hogwarts. The quest takes Harry through a series of obstacles, and while he is accompanied at first by Ron and Hermione, it is he alone – like Galahad – who must complete the quest and save the Stone from Voldemort. Philosopher’s Stone actually tells us about two quests – the quest for the Stone, as well as Voldemort’s quest to kill the boy who has been prophesized to be the only one who can be his undoing. As Galahad’s seat is marked with his name, signifying that he is the only one who can find the Grail, Voldemort’s attack on Harry as a baby leaves him marked with the scar that signifies Harry as Voldemor t’s equal and as the only one who can vanquish Voldemort. Also, Harry is the only one who can achieve the quest for the stone, like Galahad is the only one who can find the Holy Grail. As in Arthurian legend, Harry is not the only one who embarks on quests through the Harry Potter series. In Philosopher’s Stone, Voldemort uses Quirrell to try to find the Stone. The entire Hogwarts teaching staff (with the one notable exception of Professor Lockhart) is looking for the Chamber of Secrets in Book Two. The Dementors are searching for Sirius Black in Prisoner of Azkaban. The other contestants in the Triwizard Tournament, like Knights of the Round Table, are also on quests as they complete each Tournament task in Goblet of Fire. At the Yule Ball, the contestants and the judges even sit at a large round table. In Order of the Phoenix, Voldemort is on a quest to obtain the prophecy and regain his power. This signifies that many try, or feel compelled to achieve the status of hero, but the true hero doesn’t choose his destiny. The true hero becomes what he is because he has no choice, because it is in his blood. Like Harry and Arthur, who did not choose their future, and never wanted fame and glory, the true hero does things alone. There exists many parallels between both heroes and in finality we can conclude that this is no mere coincidence. Rowling must have intended to at least base her protagonist off of Britain’s greatest hero: King Arthur. The reason that J. K. Rowling is able to put so much life and actuality in her writings is that she herself has experienced much of what she writes. She was born on July 31st, 1965 in Gloucestershire, England. Divorced and living off of welfare Rowling wrote Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone on a napkin between her daughter’s naps. When Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was published her life changed. Much like Harry’s life, Rowling’s has the characteristics of a fairy tale. Barely making a living she managed to get by and lived in a small apartment flat in Edinburgh, where she says she was rescued by Harry Potter. She was given money to finish her books and has since become richer than even the Queen. She has written the harshness and nightmares of her pre-Potter life into her books, which is why they appear so real. Whenever a people live an oppressed lifestyle they create saviors to rescue them, which is what J.K did. T.H White, on the other hand lived a pretty well off life, yet displeased with the world he too re-made a hero for himself, Arthur. There isn’t much in common between both authors other than their British descent and the fact that they write. Their language is also very similar and the way they write is strikingly alike. Perhaps it’s the fact that they both attended Exeter college? In the quest for literary glory, both authors overcame tremendous upheaval and problems of a bad economic start. Yet they both wrote novels that changed mankind, and that continued the Hero’s journey through literature. It is certain true then, that â€Å"There is only one hero, and he has a thousand faces† (HWTF, Campbell). BIBLIOGRAPHY White, T.H. â€Å"The Sword in the Stone.† Random House, Inc. October 1963 Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone.† Cornell Books Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rowling, J.K. â€Å"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.† Cornell Books, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Campbell, Joseph. â€Å"The Hero With A Thousand Faces.† New World Library Books, 1949, First Ed.